Profile picture, cover photo, story, thumbnail. Each use calls for a different ratio, and several don't match any standard preset.

You uploaded a photo and it got cropped somewhere odd, or left with empty bars on the sides. It's almost always the same cause: the image wasn't the exact ratio that spot needed, so the platform cropped it automatically, without asking, from whichever side suited it least.
WhatsApp, Instagram, LinkedIn, and most apps' profile pictures display in a perfect circle or square. If your original photo is rectangular (most phone photos are), you need to decide which part survives before uploading it, instead of letting the app's automatic crop decide for you.
Instagram Stories, TikTok, and YouTube Shorts all use a tall vertical format. A horizontal photo there ends up small, surrounded by background, or gets cropped on the sides, losing exactly the part that mattered.
The classic video and YouTube thumbnail format. If an image is headed for a video cover, this is the ratio to aim for.
Here's the real problem: several of the most common uses don't match 1:1, 4:3, 16:9, or any other typical preset. A LinkedIn banner is roughly 4:1 (much wider than tall). A Facebook cover photo is around 2.7:1. An ID photo often calls for a specific ratio that's none of the above. For these, the crop tool now lets you type in any custom ratio (exact width and height), not just pick from the presets.
For a tidy profile photo, the order that works best is removing the background first and then cropping to a square (or the other way around, depending on how centered the subject already is). Neither tool uploads your image to a server: both steps happen in your browser.
This and the rest of the site's image tools are at Giga Useful Tools.