WhatsApp compresses every photo you send. Shrinking it yourself first, in a controlled way, usually looks better than letting WhatsApp do it alone.

You sent a sharp photo over WhatsApp and it arrived blurry, full of artifacts, like it had been compressed twice. Partly, that's exactly what happened: WhatsApp applies its own compression to every image sent as a "photo" (not as a file), and the heavier the original is, the more aggressive that compression gets.
WhatsApp's algorithm aims to shrink the file enough that the app stays fast on any connection, and that goal matters more to it than keeping the most detail possible. With a multi-megapixel photo straight off a modern phone, the compression it applies ends up pretty noticeable.
If you shrink the image before sending it, using compression that's tuned to preserve visual quality, you leave WhatsApp far less work to do. The result almost always looks better than sending the heavy original and letting WhatsApp decide how to cut it down.
The tool's preset quality is specifically tuned for this case: it shrinks the file without your eye noticing a difference on a phone screen, which is where the photo almost always ends up being viewed. If it's headed for print or a big screen instead, it's worth keeping more quality and accepting a heavier file.
If you also need to change the image's format (say, to WebP so it's even lighter on a website) or fine-tune quality with more control, these related tools cover that.
This tool and the rest of the site are free, with no signup, at Giga Useful Tools.